We use reward-based training methods. If the dog has resistant problem behaviors, we may consider using avoidance training in combination with positive reinforcement training. We do not use corporal punishment such as hitting the dog or leash jerking. Beware of trainers that leash jerk! That method discontinued long ago when trainers realized they can sprain the dog’s neck muscles, collapse the windpipe, and misalign the vertebrae in the neck! Beware of trainers that blame disobedience on "dominance". This is a main-streamed idea that has been seen on TV shows. To say that a dog is refusing to obey a command because his owner is not dominant over him is simplistic and shows a lack of understanding for how dogs behave and learn.  Our scientifically proven and researched methods make it fun for the dog to learn.